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Snaefell Mountain Course
Snaefell Mountain Course or Mountain Course〔''Isle of Man Centenary TT – ACU/MMCC Official Race Guide'' pp67 Isle of Man Department of Tourism and Leisure (2007) Mannin Media Group Ltd〕 is a road-racing street circuit used for the Isle of Man TT since 1911 and Manx Grand Prix races from 1923 in the Isle of Man. The motorcycle racing is held on public roads closed for racing by an Act of Tynwald (the parliament of the Isle of Man) under the Road Racing Act (Isle of Man) 1982 and the Road Traffic Regulation Act (Isle of Man) 1985.〔''Isle of Man Examiner – Brialtagh Ellan Vannin'' page 60 & 61 Isle of Man Newspapers Ltd (2014) Johnson Press Sheffield Web Publishing 13 May 2014〕 It is the oldest motor-cycle racing circuit still in use. It is also one of the deadliest, with 6 deaths in 2011, 5 in 2014 and 248 cumulatively by 2015, of racers in competition. There have been 14 deaths of officials, spectators, and others.
The course is 〔Official TT Guide 1992 pp 45 Mannin Media Publication/Isle of Man Department of Tourism〕 in length and the start-line at the TT Grandstand is situated on the A2 Glencrutchery Road in the town of Douglas. The racing circuit is based on a number of public roads in the Isle of Man including the primary A2 Douglas to Ramsey road, the A1 Douglas to Peel road which goes through the villages of Braddan, Union Mills, Glen Vine, Crosby, and Greeba. The course then turns right onto the A3 Castletown to Ramsey road, where it goes through the villages of Ballig, Kirk Michael, Ballaugh and Sulby, finally intersecting with the A18 Snaefell Mountain Road in the town of Ramsey. The A18 then takes the course back to Douglas through the highest point of the course, which is situated on the primary A18 Snaefell Mountain Road between the Bungalow and Hailwood's Height near the 31st Milestone at the UK Ordnance Survey spot height above sea level. After coming back down to near sea level and going through the village of Hillberry before coming back into Douglas. ).
==History==
Motor racing began on the Isle of Man in 1904 with the Gordon Bennett Trial and were originally restricted to touring automobiles. As the Motor Car Act 1903 placed a speed restriction of on automobiles in the United Kingdom, the Secretary of the Automobile Club of Britain and Ireland approached the authorities in the Isle of Man to seek permission to race automobiles on public roads.〔''Island Racer'' 2004 pp 112–113 Mortons Media Group Ltd ISSN 1743-5838〕 Tynwald's The Highways (Light Locomotives) Act 1904 gave permission in the Isle of Man for the Highroads Course for the 1904 Gordon Bennett Trial.〔''The Statutes of the Isle of Man Vol VII from 1896 to 1905'' pp569 Edited by C.T.W Hughes-Games Brown and Sons Ltd〕
For the 1905 Gordon Bennett Car event it was decided to run a trial for motor-cycles the day after for a team to represent Great Britain in the International Motor-Cycle Cup Races. The inability of the motor-cycle competitors to climb the steep primary A18 Snaefell Mountain Road section of the course forced the organisers to use a section of the Gordon Bennett Trial course. For this reason, the 1907 Isle of Man TT Race used the 15 miles, 1,470 yards (25.49 km) St. John's Short Course. The 1906 Isle of Man Tourist Trophy Race for automobiles the Highroad Course was reduced from to 40 miles, 2 furlongs and 60 yards. For the 1908 Tourist Trophy race for automobiles, the course was again reduced to with the removal of the Peel and Sandygate loops and was known as the Four Inch Course.〔''TT Pioneers – Early Car Racing in the Isle of Man'' pp 103–104 Robert Kelly, Mercury Asset Management (1996)(1st Edition) The Manx Experience, The Alden Press ISBN No 1 873120 61 3〕 The name of the course derives from the regulations for the 1908 Tourist Trophy adopted by the Royal Automobile Club which limited the engines of the competing automobiles to a cylinder diameter of four-inches (102 mm) . The Four-Inch Course was adopted by the Auto-Cycle Club for the 1911 Isle of Man TT Races. The Four-Inch Course subsequently became known as the Snaefell Mountain Course or ''Mountain Course'' when used for motor-cycle racing.〔''TT Pioneers – Early Car Racing in the Isle of Man'' pp 103–104 Robert Kelly, Mercury Asset Management (1996)(1st Edition) The Manx Experience, The Alden Press ISBN No 1 873120 61 3〕
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